How to Symfony Request - Teach Developer

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Symfony request tutorial shows how to work with request objects in Symfony. We show several ways how to create request objects in Symfony.

Symfony

Symfony is a set of reusable PHP components and a PHP framework for web projects. Symfony was published as free software in 2005. The original author of Symfony is Fabien Potencier. The development of the framework is sponsored by a Frech company Sensio Labs.

Symfony HttpFoundation component

Symfony HttpFoundation component defines an object-oriented layer for the HTTP specification. The component represents the request/response process in an object-oriented manner. On the lowest level, we have PHP global variables such as $_GET, $_POST, or $_FILES. These are represented by a Request object. And the response is represented by an Response object.

Symfony request example

In the following example, we create three different requests using links.

$ symfony new symreq

With composer, we create a new Symfony skeleton project.

$ cd symreq

We go to the project directory.

$ composer req annot twig

We install modules annotations and twig.

$ composer req maker --dev

We install the maker component.

$ php bin/console make:controller HomeController

A HomeController is created.

src/Controller/HomeController.php

<?php

namespace App\Controller;

use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Annotation\Route;

class HomeController extends AbstractController
{
    /**
     * @Route("/", name="home")
     */
    public function index()
    {
        return $this->render('home/index.html.twig');
    }
}

The HomeController returns a home page that contains the anchor tags.

templates/home/index.html.twig

{% extends 'base.html.twig' %}

{% block title %}Home page{% endblock %}

{% block body %}

<ul>
<li><a href="/myapp?colour=yellow&day=Saturday">First request</a></li>
<li><a href="/myapp2?colour=green&day=Sunday">Second request</a></li>

<li><a href="/myapp3?colour=red&day=Monday">Third request</a></li>
</ul>

{% endblock %}

The HomeController returns a home page that contains three links. Each of the links has two query parameters. They point to different controller methods.

{% extends 'base.html.twig' %}

The template inherits from the base.html.twig file, which has a base markup that will be shared.

templates/base.html.twig

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>{% block title %}Welcome!{% endblock %}</title>
        {% block stylesheets %}{% endblock %}
    </head>
    <body>
        {% block body %}{% endblock %}
    </body>
</html>

The base.html.twig the template contains code that is shared by other template files. It defines blocks that will be replaced in children’s templates.

$ php bin/console make:controller MyappController

A MyappController is created.

src/Controller/MyappController.php

<?php

namespace App\Controller;

use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Controller\AbstractController;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Annotation\Route;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;

class MyappController extends AbstractController
{
   /**
     * @Route("/myapp", name="myapp")
     */
    public function process()
    {
        $request = Request::createFromGlobals();
        $col = $request->query->get("colour");
        $day = $request->query->get("day");

        $content = "Colour: $col, day: $day";

        return new Response($content);
    }

    /**
     * @Route("/myapp2", name="myapp2")
     */
    public function process2()
    {
        $request = new Request(
            $_GET,
            $_POST,
            array(),
            $_COOKIE,
            $_FILES,
            $_SERVER
        );

        $col = $request->query->get("colour");
        $day = $request->query->get("day");

        $content = "Colour: $col, day: $day";

        return new Response($content);
    }    

    /**
     * @Route("/myapp3", name="myapp3")
     */
    public function process3(Request $request)
    {
        $data = $request->query->all();

        $col = $data["colour"];
        $day = $data["day"];

        $content = "Colour: $col, day: $day";

        return new Response($content);        
    }    
}

The MyappController processes the three GET requests created by the links.

$request = Request::createFromGlobals();
$col = $request->query->get("colour");
$day = $request->query->get("day");

The request object is created with Request::createFromGlobals(). The GET parameters are retrieved with the get() method.

$request = new Request(
    $_GET,
    $_POST,
    array(),
    $_COOKIE,
    $_FILES,
    $_SERVER
);

In the second case, the request is created with a new keyword. It is passed the PHP global variables.

public function process3(Request $request)
{
    $data = $request->query->all();
...

In the third case, the request object is injected using Symfony’s dependency injection. We get all parameters from the request with the all() method.

$col = $data["colour"];
$day = $data["day"];

From the array, we get the values.

$content = "Colour: $col, day: $day";

return new Response($content);

We build the content and return a Response object.

$ symfony serve

We start the web server and locate to http://localhost:8000.

In this tutorial, we have worked with requests in Symfony.

Symfony

Symfony HttpFoundation component

Symfony request example

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